g - Gravitational acceleration
m - Mass of a gas molecule
N - Number of gas molecules
T - Temperature of the gas
g - Gravitational acceleration
m - Mass of a gas molecule
N - Number of gas molecules
T - Temperature of the gas
Notice that the velocity distribution does not depend on g. Any force could act on the particles, but the distribution is always the same.
Since the particles are simulated in 3D space, but the screen is just 2D, they are colored based on how far away they are from the camera. The lighter shades are further back.